C3E PUB_DATE: 2026.01.15

BENCHMARKING LLM CODE FOR TIME-COMPLEXITY COMPLIANCE (C3E)

A JCST 'Just Accepted' paper introduces Complexity-Constraint Code Evaluation (C3E), a benchmark to check whether LLM-generated code meets stated time-complexit...

Benchmarking LLM Code for Time-Complexity Compliance (C3E)

A JCST 'Just Accepted' paper introduces Complexity-Constraint Code Evaluation (C3E), a benchmark to check whether LLM-generated code meets stated time-complexity constraints. For teams using AI to write algorithms, this offers a way to catch solutions that pass functional tests but violate performance budgets.

[ WHY_IT_MATTERS ]
01.

LLM-generated code can be correct yet asymptotically inefficient, driving cost and latency in production.

02.

A standard benchmark helps compare models and enforce performance guardrails in review and CI.

[ WHAT_TO_TEST ]
  • terminal

    Add empirical complexity checks (vary input sizes, fit complexity curves) to CI for AI-generated code paths.

  • terminal

    Evaluate your preferred LLMs on tasks with explicit complexity targets to select defaults and set guardrails.

[ BROWNFIELD_PERSPECTIVE ]

Legacy codebase integration strategies...

  • 01.

    Retrofit performance budgets into existing tests for hotspots and fail PRs when complexity regressions appear.

  • 02.

    Expect flaky timings; stabilize by pinning hardware, warming caches, and using statistical thresholds.

[ GREENFIELD_PERSPECTIVE ]

Fresh architecture paradigms...

  • 01.

    Define algorithmic specs with explicit complexity requirements and auto-generate harnesses to verify them.

  • 02.

    Prefer coding patterns and libraries with predictable complexity and document them in generation prompts.

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